Galileo vs. Church

Galileo is seen as the dad of present day science since he made and tried speculations which we despite everything pass by in the present years. In the current day we are thought and live by the heliocentric hypothesis. This fundamentally implies the sun in the inside and the planets are in its circle. The Roman Catholic Church accepted that the earth was in the inside, hence the sun and different planets were in the Earth’s circle. Galileo was charged of bogus instructing. The charge against Galileo was grounded on a report that Galileo had been actually requested in 1616 not to talk about Copernicanism either orally or in writing.Cardinal Bellarmine had kicked the bucket, yet Galileo created an authentication marked by the cardinal, expressing that Galileo had been exposed to no further limitation than applied to any Roman Catholic under the 1616 decree. No marked report repudiating this was ever found, yet Galileo was constrained in 1633 to keep away from and was condemned to life detainment The Dialog was requested to be singed, and the sentence against him was to be perused openly in each university.At the time, the congregation was the lawful authority of the land and anything that conflicted with the congregation's principle of what the Bible stated, was viewed as apostasy and deserving of banishment, detainment, or passing. For this situation Galileo damaged the convention of the Roman Catholic Church by showing the heliocentric hypothesis. As per the congregation these theory’s by Galileo was attempting to refute the holy book. The more grounded side is Galileo’s side. As I would see it I would pick Galileo’s contention over the congregation since he attempted to disclose to the congregation his findings.The church being loaded up proudly and resolute didn't allow Galileo to clarify and uncover his discoveries since they naturally thought he was conflicting with the good book and attempting to refute it. They at that point i ndicted him. All in all, Galileo is known as the dad of current science, his hypothesis which was neglected in the past is currently acknowledged and thought in the current day. This shows the Roman Catholic Church was one-sided before and would not like to allow him to uncover and clarify his discoveries.

Sales Pattern Analysis of Television in India free essay sample

Primary goals of the examination are to comprehend the market of buyer hardware, essentially Televisions, what are the various innovations in the market and reaction of individuals towards it. There are basically three market divisions I. e. Low Income, Middle Class and High Income Sector and the conduct of every segment is not the same as each other. The information was gathered from an example of 7-8 shops in every classification by means of a survey following which a top to bottom investigation was directed. Anyway different figures in deals portrayals are gauge as the extension for the statistical surveying was restricted. The exploration paper shows how the deals of TVs fluctuate over the three divisions dependent on their sorts, size and brands. The paper additionally uncovers the reaction of individuals towards the ordinary advancements like Ultra Slim TVs and fresher advances like LED TVs. This examination study features the needs of every area through customer conduct. We will compose a custom paper test on Deals Pattern Analysis of Television in India or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page It shows the manner of thinking of the buyer behind the acquisition of a straightforward ware, similar to a Television. The TV is one of the most significant wellsprings of data. It assumes such a huge job in individuals? s regular day to day existences that it? s practically difficult to envision how we would live if there were no TV. The principle motivation behind why such a significant number of individuals pick this methods for getting data and amusement is its effortlessness and comfort. The TV has now become a mind boggling some portion of our lives. There might be interchange strategies to engage oneself with the web, or to get world news, yet the TV will even now never leave favor. In urban India, practically all family units have at any rate one TV set, which talks a great deal about its range. As the years advanced, we moved from the primary highly contrasting TVs during the 1930s to the principal shading TV in 1950s. Shading TV was a disclosure in a greater number of ways than one. Prior to its appearance, individuals even imagined clearly, shading TV even changed that. Consistent progressions in this field have been made. Individuals cherished the idea of home diversion and an ever increasing number of directs fired coming up so as to give it. To improve the review understanding, fast mechanical headways began being made, for example, level board shows, to LCDs and LEDs to the current HD and 3D seeing. Beginning with 41 sets in 1962 and one channel, by 1991 TV in India secured in excess of 70 million homes giving a review populace of in excess of 400 million people through in excess of 100 channels. In Urban India, 85% of all families have a TV and over 70% of all families approach Satellite, Cable or DTH administrations. Around half of every single Indian family own a TV. Starting at 2010, an absolute number of 515 directs are accessible in the nation out of which 150 are pay channels. According to the TAM Annual Universe Update 2010, India presently has more than 134 million families (out of 223 million) with TVs, of which more than 103 million approach Cable TV or Satellite TV, including 20 million family units are DTH supporters. Therefore as should be obvious that the interest for Televisions has gone up definitely. Seeing this enormous market, there has been a gigantic flood of organizations in the previous decade that have begun selling their own line of TVs. We presently have in Indian markets, organizations, for example, Sony, Samsung, LG, Panasonic, Toshiba, Videocon, Onida and numerous other people who keep concocting more up to date and better quality TVs. Everyone from a day by day breadwinner to a CEO in a Multinational association has a TV at home. The point of this examination is to break down the desires of each segment of society, and to discover what kind of TVs do they like to buy, what do individuals from various pay bunches search for when they need a TV framework. The thought is to comprehend the psyche of today? purchasers, to comprehend what are their inclinations, needs and attitude, with the goal that educated choices and methodologies can be figured. To lead this examination, a poll was created and the market was partitioned into three expansive areas to be specific Lower salary, Middle pay and High pay Offices division. Territories were perceived with these particular segments of society and the electronic stores in and around those zones were visited, for example, Saki Naka, Andheri East for lower salary area, Santacruz West and Andheri West for center and upper pay segment. For high pay ector workplaces, Opera House and Prabhadevi were visited. The volume of individuals in this part is likewise most noteworthy in our nation. Henceforth they buy the most number of TV sets in the nation and are the center portion for all the organizations other than the Big Three (Samsung, Sony and LG). The principle point of individuals is purchasing a TV with its fundamental highlights with great looks to sweeten the deal even further. Tasteful worth gave by a TV is definitely not a significant issue. „Value for Money? is the main undertaking for the buyer. They regularly search for Ultra Slim TVs, Small Segment LCDs and Conventional TVs. As cost is a main consideration among these individuals, TVs which have greatest highlights in a fixed value run are purchased.

How to Save Money When Youre Already on a Tight Budget

How to Save Money When Youre Already on a Tight Budget How to Save Money When Youre Already on a Tight Budget How to Save Money When Youre Already on a Tight BudgetSaving money is hard. And finding ways to save when youre already operating on a tight budget is even harder. Here are some tips and strategies to help you out.When youre living on a super tight budget, you need all the savings you can get. Without a nice chunk of money to handle unforeseen  expenses, you might end up relying on bad credit loans and no credit check loans (like payday loans and cash advances) to cover those extra costs. Not great!But how much more can you save?! You know about making your own coffee. You know about canceling subscription services you aren’t using. You’ve already cut down on eating out! You’ve tightened your budget and it’s still not enough. What else can you do to save further?Well, youre in luck! We spoke to the experts to find out how you can tighten your already skinny budget. Start with your food budget.As we said above, you know that you shouldn’t be ordering takeout or eating at res taurants too often. You don’t need to hear it again. But there are other ways to keep your food budget down.“Groceries are a place that most people don’t think about saving money,” suggested financial coach and author Karen Ford. “Do you have to have the name brand ketchup? Generic foods don’t use advertising, so their cost to you is substantially less. They still have to be approved by the FDA so generic away.”And even if you know that making your own lunch is a good idea, it’s good to remember just how much you can save. Here’s an in-depth example from Timothy G. Wiedman, a retired professor of Management Human Resources at Doane University:“Most folks know that restaurant meals can often be expensive, but working people cant simply skip lunch! Still, how many people realize the cost difference between a ‘reasonably-priced’ restaurant meal and a brown-bag lunch made at home?“For example, at a nearby Applebees, the least expensive lunch combo plus a drink , tax, and tip totals about $11.50 (depending on local taxes and tipping behavior, of course). So over the course of a 5-day work week, regularly eating lunch at Applebees would cost at least $57.50.  Also, consider the fact that some gasoline will likely be consumed on that daily trek to the restaurant.On the other hand, a healthy lunch brought from home (e.g., a sandwich made with low-fat lunch-meat on whole-grain bread, a dozen peeled baby carrots, a small individually-sized box of raisins for dessert, and a can of diet soda) can be assembled for about $2.80 (i.e., $14 per week).Further, if that brown-bag lunch is eaten in the employee break room (or while absorbing nature in a city park thats within easy walking distance), very little time nor gasoline is wasted on a lunchtime commute. Over the course of a 49-week working year, the savings would exceed $2,100 (and adding in the cost of any gas consumed driving back and forth to lunch would increase that total even more).Obvious ly one might get a less expensive fast-food lunch (thats likely much higher in fat and calories) instead of going to Applebees. But even if that fast-food lunch (including tax, of course) averaged just $6.45 per day, a brown-bagger would still save almost $900 per year (or even more if the cost of gas consumption is figured into the equation).“Further, there may also be some ‘psychic’ benefits to eating lunch in the break room at work: no mad dash in traffic getting to and from a (likely) congested restaurant, no stressing out if service is slow, and no rush to finish eating (to ensure getting back to work on time).“My wife and I brown-bagged it for years (while taking turns assembling our lunches); and after finishing her meal, my wife enjoyed working on cross-stitch projects to relax before returning to her hectic office job. So between the two of us, we saved more than $4,000 annually. And the money we saved helped fund our IRAs. This stuff isnt rocket science, but relati vely few folks seem to do it these days!”Utilizing utility savings.No one should be expected to live without basic utilities. But there are ways you can lower the cost of those bills.“So I thought of some ways to save on utilities recently because our energy bill was getting so incredibly high this summer,” advised Daniella Flores, and creator and author of iliketodabble.com (@iliketodabble). “I found insulating window curtains which worked great in not wasting any of our AC inside the house by slipping out through our weak windows (yes we are planning on replacing these soon though).“We also got outlets with timers for things like the coffee pot, hair dryer, computer charger, phone charger etc where they supply power for anywhere from 30 min-45 min-one hour-to even two hours (you can set the time) and then they will shut off, no longer supplying power. So we tried to put these outlets for anything that we didnt need all the time but only use for a short amount of time but may forget to unplug (like the coffee maker). And they work great, save a ton of money on the electric bill, and prevent fire hazards!”But in addition to changing your outlets and decor, saving can be as simple as changing some basic behaviors around the home.“Your home is one of the most significant places that can get you some savings but all too often people limit their view to less impactful tactics that might not help them realize the kinds of savings they desire,” explained Doug Keller, marketing manager at Payless Power (@paylesspower). “Along with the simple act of turning out lights, you can do other things that reduce the energy your home uses and puts money back into your pocket each month. For starters, turn down the temperature of your water heater. Typically, they are set at 140 degrees F, but dropping it to 120 degrees F will reduce your energy consumption because the heater maintains the temperature at all times. It prevents your water from becoming dangerou sly hot too.“You can also avoid energy consuming chores like doing laundry and dishwashing during peak times. During these intervals, energy service providers are stretched thin due to high demand, resulting in rates being jacked up. By being a bit more strategic in the timing of your household tasks, you can reduce the expense and save yourself money while only altering your behavior slightly.”Be your own handyman.Beyond just cutting back, there are all sorts of proactive ways you can save large amounts of money, hopefully giving that tight budget a little bit of breathing room.“Learn to repair things that break around your home without calling in an expert,” recommended Joe Goldstein, Director of Operations and SEO for Contractor Calls (@ContractorCall5). “Thanks to Youtube and the rest of the internet, you can repair anything from a chipped windshield to a wet hard drive with basic tools and a little bit of DIY perseverance. Getting comfortable with DIY repairs means yo u can avoid calling in expensive experts, avoid buying expensive replacements, and even sell your formerly broken things on Craigslist or Facebook for a profit.”There are also some creative options you can consider when it comes to your home.Hack your home.Here’s one such option to consider, courtesy of Brian Davis, co-founder of SparkRental.com: “One option that most people are unaware of is house hacking. The traditional house hacking model involves buying a small multifamily property, moving into one unit, and renting out the other(s).If you do it right, your tenants pay your housing costs, so you cut out your largest expense in one move. Here’s a detailed house hacking example, of how a young man with no real estate experience bought a suburban property and now lives for free in it.“But buying a multifamily and moving in isn’t the only way to house hack. My partner brought a foreign exchange student into her home, and the stipend covers much of her mortgage. You can also rent out rooms on Airbnb, or rent out rooms to long-term housemates.”Build a support network.And you don’t have to manage your saving strategy alone.“Tell others you’re trying to save,” suggested Keller. “All too often we are swayed by others to spend our money when we are really just trying to save it. Because of the power of our loved ones, it is best to bring the attention of others to the fact that you are trying to save.In doing this it is important not to bend because your resolve will signal to others just how seriously you are taking your saving. And with it on their radar, others can be more accommodating with the activities you all engage in.”Become a mystery shopper.Did you know that some companies will pay you to shop? It’s called mystery shopping, and it’s one way  that companies can learn about the experience of the average shopper.Jennifer Hayes, of SmartyPantsFinance.com, told us about it: “Mystery shopping is a LEGITIMATE way to supplement i ncome but, even better, mystery shopping can be used to take the place of spending. Oil changes for my car? Nope! I never pay for them because I get a mystery shopping assignment instead. Vacations? Nope, dont pay for that either!I mystery shop hotels all over the world and make money while on vacation. Just yesterday, I had groceries delivered to my house for a mystery shopping job. Mystery shopping allows people to still live a nice life while cutting back hard on their spending. Ive been mystery shopping since 2004. On a small budget, I have used this avenue to live a large life.”Get ready to make hard choices.Finally, CPA Erin Donahue (@planwitherin) offered us some hard truths to leave you with: “If your goal is to save money, youre probably already aware that its not glamorous. It involves hard work and deprivation (in the short term). It can also be a frustrating process because there are no shortcuts or hacks to circumvent the savings equation: Savings equals money in, l ess money out. But in the long run, saving is supremely rewarding.“So if youve already gone through your budgetâ€"pinched, trimmed, and snippedâ€"and you are still finding that your savings just arent adding up quickly enough, what can you do?“The short answer is that your lifestyle is not supporting your goals. If youve trimmed the obvious, you need to take a new, hard look at the untouchable items in your budget. What bills do you pay every single month, and which of these payments represent the largest chunks of money going it the door? If its housing, maybe the answer is to downsizeâ€"move to a smaller home. Lowering your housing costs would likely make a much bigger dent in your savings goal than couponing or cutting out your lattes.Maybe car insurance and gas are bleeding you dry. The answer may be to sell your car and switch to public transit. Perhaps you need to give up your home phone, internet, and cable TV, and make do with tethering and streaming on your cell phone. None of these are glamorous, but they will work.“If these changes are not palatable, the alternative to downsizing your lifestyle would be to upsize your income. Take on a side hustle or a second job. Post some Fiverr gigs. Have a yard sale. Sell advertising space on your car. Rent out extra rooms on Airbnb. Trawl the Craigslist job boards.This approach, too, may mean a major lifestyle change (at least temporarily, while you are in pursuit of your savings goals). But there are only two ways to tame the savings equation.”Saving isn’t fun, but it can make the difference. Just keep imagining all the ways it’ll pay off, and try and minimize the stress in your life. To learn more about saving, budgeting, and earning extra income, check out these related posts and articles from OppLoans:The (Comprehensive) Couple’s Guide To Budgeting4 Simple Ways to Save Money on Groceriesâ€"While Still Eating Healthy!Need Cash Fast? Try These 10 Great Side Hustles8 Ways To Save Money Today, Tom orrow and Every Day AfterWhat are your  best tips for saving money on a tight budget? We want to hear from you! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.ContributorsG. Brian Davis is a landlord, personal finance writer, and co-founder of  SparkRental.com, which provides free video courses and rental investing tools for landlords. He spends most of the year overseas, splitting his time between Abu Dhabi, Europe, and his hometown of Baltimore.Erin Donahue (@planwitherin), CPA/PFS, CFP ® has built her career on making sense of numbers. Her mission is to help millennials align their goals with their personal values to better face the financial challenges particular to their generation.Daniella Flores is a 29-year-old side hustling to pay off debt, live a more sustainable lifestyle, strive for a future of financial freedom and help her readers do the same at  iliketodabble.com (@iliketodabble).Karen Ford is a Master Financial Coach, Public Speaker, Entrepreneur, and Best- Selling Auth or. Her #1 Amazon Best Selling Book “Money Matters” is a discovery for many.  In “Money Matters” she provides keys to demolishing debt, shares how to budget correctly, and gives principles in wealth building.Joe Goldstein is the Director of Operations and SEO for  Contractor Calls (@ContractorCall5), and his specialty is doing more with less.Jennifer Hayes is a mom, teacher, blogger, entrepreneur, and saver extraordinaire. Her business, Smarty Pants Finance, helps people from all walks of life save more money, spend less, and live their best life one smart decision at a time. Jennifer has co-authored the book How to Become a Mystery Shopper and teaches mystery shopping classes at community colleges across Southern California. She resides in the Los Angeles area with her children. Jennifer can be found at  SmartyPantsFinance.com  and on Facebook.Douglas Keller  has been a financial expert for 20 years, helping people reach financial stability. He works for  Payless Power (@p aylesspower) where he continues to help people save money on their bills every month.After 13 years as a successful operations manager working at two different ‘Fortune 1000’ companies, Dr. Timothy G. Wiedman spent the next 28 years in academia teaching college courses in business, management, human resources, and retirement planning.  Dr. Wiedman recently took an early retirement from Doane University, is a member of the Human Resources Group of West Michigan and continues to do annual volunteer work for the SHRM Foundation. He holds two graduate degrees in business and has completed multiple professional certifications.

Being Asian American Essay - 1602 Words

Would You Like Some Rice With That? To be young and Asian in America is a special brand of torture. There is an unspoken dictum of silence that grips Asian youth, a denial of our place in popular culture. Asian youth walk in America not quite sure where we fit in-black children have a particular brotherhood, Hispanic children have a particular brotherhood, white children own everything else. We cannot lay claim to jazz or salsa or swing; we cannot say our ancestors fought for equality against an oppressive government or roamed the great hallways of power across the globe. We do not have a music, a common hero, a lexicon of slang. Asian youth experience personal diasporas every day. I went through a long period of time not knowing†¦show more content†¦I never felt like it worked, though. I felt like a bad character actor, some horrible caricature of what an Asian boy was supposed to be. I felt like I was appealing to some great, unseen audience. Truly, Orwell knew what he was talking about in Shooting an Elephant. He speaks of the way that the native peoples exerted control over the way he acted, says that he became a sort of hollow, posing dummy, the conventionalized figure of a sahib (461). Substitute Asian for sahib, though, and I could just as easily have said that same thing during the unclear years of high school. To co-opt Orwells imagery, I wore a white mans sort of Asian mask, and could feel my face grow to fit it (461). *** My grandmother has an umbrella that shes owned since the mid-forties. Stories are told about this umbrella in my family, about how my grandmother received it from my grandfather during their courtship, about how she would carry it with her even when the skies were clear and lucid, about how she laid it across the back of former Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos in a moment of characteristic ire during an argument with the dictator. In my familys lore, the umbrella is inextricable from the wielder; my grandmother and her umbrella share a definitional relationship, each one speaking to the other in terms that characterize them both. Three years ago, I went back home, to that little archipelago of heat and humidity. I wanted to see this umbrella,Show MoreRelatedThe Culture Of Asian American And Being Labeled As An Ethnic1496 Words   |  6 PagesPreface In this essay, I attempted to lay bare the issues of being an Asian-American and being labeled as an ethnic â€Å"other† in modern America. This label of â€Å"other† causes them to become marginalized and lose their sense of identity, belonging neither to Western culture nor Eastern culture. In order help stop this loss of identity in Asian-Americans, we must tear down the social construct of the â€Å"other† and integrate the different cultures into the melting pot of popular culture. Once we have stoppedRead MoreEssay about Personal Narrative: Being Asian American511 Words   |  3 PagesI am a girl with two heads. At home, I wear my Chinese head, in school I wear my English head. Being an Asian, or Chinese, as it is commonly referred to, my culture plays a key role in the development of who I am and what I do, my personal identity. An identity is the distinguishing character or personality of an individual. Parents are often one of the key factors of this c ulturally developed personal identity. â€Å"Fortunately, children do not need â€Å"perfect† parents. They do need mothers and fathersRead MoreHollywoods Asians Essay1016 Words   |  5 PagesHollywood’s Asians Asian Americans have been part of America for almost as long as its existence. 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Reid Honors College at Wayne State University, gives a lecture to Honors 1000 students every Monday morning about Americans and theirRead More Researching the Asian American Culture Essay1636 Words   |  7 PagesResearching the Asian American Culture There are fundamental differences between Eastern and Western cultures and the meeting of these cultures has had several effects, both in Asia and here in the US. Overseas, you can see the juxtaposition of American pop culture on the older modes of Asian thought and society. Here, New Age religions find new excuses in Asian religions and philosophies and Anime is appears regularly on Saturday morning cartoons. Often, this juxtaposition becomes turbulentRead MoreThe Second Generation Asian Americans1034 Words   |  5 Pages1920s with the emergence of second generation Asian Americans. Although some Asian Americans were born in their homeland, coming to the U.S. at the age of six still classified them as Asian Americans as they were raised within assimilation of America. Second Generation Asian Americans experienced America more than their parents ever did and that caused a lot of concerns and tension between them and their parents. The Second Generation Asian Americans experienc ed tension between their parents withRead MoreWho Is An Asian American?1566 Words   |  7 PagesWho is an Asian American? The name â€Å"Asian American† holds different meaning to people. According to Tamura (2003), â€Å"Asian American is a relatively recent term that was first used by non-Asians and then adopted by Asian American themselves during the late 1960s in the heyday of ethnic and political activism† [†¦] (Tamura, 2003). The simplest definition of an Asian American is an American with an Asiatic background. 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The Key to Successful Summary Essay Samples

The Key to Successful Summary Essay Samples Whispered Summary Essay Samples Secrets The essay is also an opportunity for those readers of your application to have a feel for you as someone. You may want to amplify the major point of an essay or place it in a different perspective for setting a bigger context. The conclusion plays a critical role in the feeling it ties up the whole essay. Although there's no established way for writing a fantastic conclusion certain rules have to be followed. Writing a reaction paper can be a really challenging undertaking, so many students use examples to find out more about its structure and key capabilities. Students lead busy lives and frequently forget about a coming deadline. One of the most typical varieties of analysis that college and higher school students perform. Students who don't understand English are then being denied of any meaningful education since they do not have accessibility to what's being presented. Finding the B est Summary Essay Samples The bright goal and purpose of summary writing is to give only the highlights or the most crucial information and data. The conclusion is supposed to conclude the whole document in either a number of pages or paragraphs based on what's being written. You should offer information which is related to your thesis. Now you know the critical elements of a great summary, you're all set to learn to compose a summary the ideal way. An important goal of the authors is explaining a number of the hard financial questions through analysis of research in the class of explaining social phenomena. If you're to really gain from model essays, you will need to understand how to read the techniques of the writer'. There are likewise a few tips, which will enable you to prevent common mistakes. The third chapter entails a critique of the traditional wisdom that's dealing with drugs is quite profitable. The Basic Facts of Summary Essay Samples With the assistance of s uch an outline, you will have the ability to view how the paper will look like and will be capable of going from 1 paragraph to another smoothly. The second region of the paper is the point where the actual work begins. By downloading a sample, you are going to learn how to write reaction paper and prevent common mistakes. A reaction paper is a sort of written assignment, which demands personal opinion and conclusions on a particular article or abstract. New Step by Step Roadmap for Summary Essay Samples Essay writing differs for everybody. Therefore, an analytical essay is a bit of writing that gives an informative observation about the particular topic or idea. Before you commence writing an Executive Summary, it's essential to comprehend whom it is meant to deal with. When writing an essay, you want to demonstrate that you're worthy of the scholarship. Evidently, writing an essay on this issue of marijuana is too general. The book continues in the very first chapter to explore how varied groups are incentivized into cheating. Possessing good essay examples provides the reader an in-depth and on-the-court idea about what a well structured and coherent essay appears like. The absolute most contentious chapter in the entire book is chapter four. Report writing is vital for the evolution of every business as the assessment of particular issues, financial operations and circumstances ought to be achieved in a specific report writing format to work. For a template that you may use to compose a comprehensive small business plan see Simple Business Plan Template. Proposals ought to be customized and they ought to outline the customer's problems and then what kind of solutions you may provide. Preparing the ideal executive summary thus becomes a significant part of any business planning, especially whenever you're looking for fundin g and investments. Quality over quantity goes a very long way here. Finding out how to create an outstanding small business report, an individual should note it is a well-structured factual paper that covers an analysis of the issue or situation with the additional recommendations. If you're overloaded with the information that you don't understand how to arrange, buy a personalized solution from online academic experts! Our customer support will gladly tell you whether there are any special offers at the present time, and make sure you are getting the very best service our business can deliver. Details of Summary Essay Samples Each individual paragraph should concentrate on a particular component of the thesis. If you look at any summary essay example, you are going to observe that the structure is always precisely the same. With what has been gathered, somebody may then compose a comprehensive essay concerning the exchange. So far as essay structure goes, a 4 or 5 paragraph essay based on the n umber of points you may want to argue is a superb start.

An Epidemiology Of Two Diseases Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

Tuberculosis is an infective disease that is considered as one of the greatest slayer of all clip which is caused by bacteriums whose scientific name is Mycobacterium TB besides known as Koch ‘s B. Tuberculosis is characterized by the formation of tubercles on the lungs and other tissues of the organic structure. Harmonizing to the Health Protection Agency, TB normally causes disease in the lungs ( pneumonic ) , but can besides impact other parts of the organic structure ( extra-pulmonary ) . We will write a custom essay sample on An Epidemiology Of Two Diseases Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Merely the pneumonic signifier of TB disease is infective. Transmission occurs through coughing of infective droplets, and normally requires drawn-out close contact with an infective instance. Terbium is curable with a combination of specific antibiotics, but intervention must be continued for at least six months The Health Protection Agency is one of the bureaus that are involved in advancing the wellness of persons that are affected by the disease. The wellness protection bureau intends to advance the riddance of TB in England by the support of the National Health Services and the Department of Health by developing a BCG ( Bacillus Calmette-Guerin ) Immunisation Programme. The marks of this programme are the persons who are at great hazard of geting the disease such as babes and older peoples who are most likely easy affected by the disease. Lung malignant neoplastic disease is the most common malignant neoplastic disease in the universe but it is one of the most preventable types of malignant neoplastic disease. Nine out of 10 people who have lung malignant neoplastic disease are caused by smoking but some people who are non non-smokers are besides affected. Many people believed that lung malignant neoplastic disease can non be treated but it can merely by descrying its early marks such as relentless cough for two hebdomads, repeated chest infection, relentless thorax or shoulder strivings, weight loss, declining cough, and fatigue or loss of energy. On the study of BBC News Network UK, it says that West Scotland has the highest rate of people diagnosed with lung malignant neoplastic disease than those people populating in the remainder of United Kingdom because smoking rates are 5 % higher in Scotland than the remainder of the UK, said Professor David Forman of Leeds University. The National wellness services said that the most effectual manner of forestalling lung malignant neoplastic disease is to non smoke or if you have been smoking and have serious wellness conditions better quit smoking every bit early as possible. In order to understate the rate of lung malignant neoplastic disease in the state the National Health Services have come up with a programme called, Go Smoke Free Programme, this programme is intended to assist those people to discontinue smoke and it besides provides free group or one on one support from trained advisers, and entree to four hebdomads nicotine replacing therapy. It is besides suggested by the National Health Services that a diet rich in fruits and veggies and regular exercising can cut down the hazard of holding lung malignant neoplastic disease ( http: //www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Cancer-of-the-lung/Pages/Prevention.aspx ) . Epidemiology OF THE TWO DISEASES: TUBERCULOSIS EPIDEMIOLOGY Figure 1. Tuberculosis instance studies and rates by age group and sex, UK, 2008 hypertext transfer protocol: //www.hpa.org.uk/web/HPAweb A ; HPAwebStandard/HPAweb_C/1225268898745 The figure shows the instances of TB by rate and age of male and female in the United Kingdom by the twelvemonth 2008. It is noticeable in the graph that between the ages zero to twenty nine the instances of TB is bit by bit increasing. It besides shows that from the ages runing from 0-4, 10-14, and 15-19 the figure of female instances are higher than the figure of male instances which indicates that these age groups are easy transmitted by TB but it shows that the lowest instance of TB is from the age of 90 and above because nowadays lifetime alterations and there are few who are able to last at this age. From ages between 30-89 old ages old the Numberss of male and female instances of TB were diminishing from about 680 instances down to 5 Numberss of instances. In footings of rate, the figure shows that the highest rates were in immature grownups and these rates shows that males are more prone to TB than females. Higher rates were besides seen in persons aged 75-90 old ages because that at this age their immune system is weaker than the younger aged that is why the disease can be easy transmitted. LUNG CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY hypertext transfer protocol: //info.cancerresearchuk.org/cancerstats/types/lung/incidence/uk-lung-cancer-incidence-statistics The figure shows the Numberss of new instances and age specific incidence rate between male and female diagnosed with lung malignant neoplastic disease in the UK in the twelvemonth 2006. Lung malignant neoplastic disease is seldom diagnosed below 30 old ages of age. The figure shows that get downing from the age of 40 until the age of 70 nine the figure of instances between male and female diagnosed with lung malignant neoplastic disease are invariably increasing as the figure of rate in male and female per 100,000 population additions but at the age between 79-85 the figure of instances were diminishing from about 4,500 instances to 2,000 instances. It is besides noticed in the figure that the figure of instances and rate of people diagnosed with lung malignant neoplastic disease are higher in male than in female of all age groups. APPROACHES AND STRATEGIES Tobacco is the individual largest preventable cause of malignant neoplastic disease in the universe today. It causes 80 % – 90 % of all lung malignant neoplastic disease deceases and about 30 % of all malignant neoplastic disease deceases in the development states. A comprehensive scheme including prohibitions on baccy merchandises, advertisement and sponsorship, increased revenue enhancement on baccy merchandises and surcease programmes can cut down baccy ingestion in many states. In Addition, In order to understate the rate of incidence of lung malignant neoplastic disease in the state it is besides of import that wellness professionals would inform the people in the community about the side consequence of smoking to the wellness and good being of single such as developing tummy ulcers, decreased circulation of blood flow to the appendages like the fingers and toes, the hazard of developing upper respiratory piece of land infections would be increased, and developing differe nt sorts of malignant neoplastic diseases. Another important attack to command the incidence of increasing rate of malignant neoplastic disease more specifically lung malignant neoplastic disease is the alteration of diet. Low fat high fiber diet can assist cut down the hazard of developing certain sorts of malignant neoplastic disease. Regular exercising and care of normal organic structure weight along with a healthy diet will assist understate the happening of malignant neoplastic disease. National policies and programmes should besides be implemented to raise consciousness and cut down exposure to malignant neoplastic disease hazard factors that people are provided with the information and back up them in order to follow a healthy life style. INVESTIGATE CURRENT PRIORITIES AND APPROACHES TO THE PROVISION OF SERVICES Since smoke is one of the major causes of lung malignant neoplastic disease and it is evitable the National Health Services developed a programme called â€Å" Go Smoke Free † Programme, this programme helps persons who are tobacco users to actuate themselves to discontinue smoke by supplying one to one or group support. The â€Å" Go Smoke Free † Programme identifies the benefits of non smoking and helps people in bettering their wellness like cut downing the hazard of certain unwellness, disablement or disease caused by malignant neoplastic disease, bosom disease, and lung diseases ( hypertext transfer protocol: //smokefree.nhs.uk/why-go-smokefree/quit-smoking-and-start-living/ ) . How to cite An Epidemiology Of Two Diseases Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

My Largest Leap free essay sample

When I was in second grade, my single greatest fantasy was to fly like a bird. I imagined soaring in the summertime, the cool breeze fluttering across my face gently whisking away my sweat. As I grew older, I marked flying off as part of my childhood imagination, being completely out of the realm of possibility. Two days after my eighteenth birthday, I found myself looking out of an airplane into a 10,000 foot abyss. Very soon, my childhood fantasy would become a reality. Once the engines came to life, I knew there was no escape. In 20 minutes I would be jumping out of this airplane. As I peered out the window, I could see my brothers videotaping the plane as it took off, now they were only distant figurines standing next to the runway. In the plane, we were a jigsaw puzzle of people and equipment. The cabin barely had enough room for five people: four jumpers and one pilot. We will write a custom essay sample on My Largest Leap or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Looking across at my jump mate, who had successfully completed over 2400 jumps, I saw a man completely yielding himself to chance, a man you would not expect to be scared, but from the look in his eyes, he was. I realized that I was too. As the door to our tiny Cessna was ripped open, the reality of the situation hit me. Immediately chaos reigned. The wind screamed past my ears. The cabin temperature dropped instantaneously. I felt like I was in a refrigerator. As we crawled to the jump position, I could feel my heart beat in my toes. Looking out of an airplane is different when there is no window. Generally, I do not scream out loud when I am scared, but as my feet fell from the plane, my mind was shouting 1,000 thoughts per second. The first couple seconds were the most intense of all; my eyelids stretched open and I was falling into a complete void. Time became insignificant. However, once we reached terminal velocity, the support of the wind resistance was comforting. After a few seconds, I found myself asking, â€Å"Why did I do this?† The only responses that came to mind were more questions. Did I jump because of the endless lure of the sky? Was it to test my courage? Was it to seek a new challenge? Ripping through the sky at 165 miles per hour, I did not find my answer. A couple thousand feet later and the end to my adventure was in sight. The parachute bloomed and all my worries lifted away. Suddenly, the sky filled with silence; the warmth of blood radiated throughout my body. I looked over my right shoulder and expected to see a flock of seagulls flying next to me. I was in paradise. Floating down to the landing site, I took it all in. My reunion with the Earth came quickly. I landed with a thump as my family ran to greet me. I clicked open my harness and stood up, finally feeling the full weight of gravity. As I peered around the field and drew in my first breath, I felt a chill race up my spine. Simply having my feet on the ground again took on a new meaning. On reflection, it may have been the childhood dream which initiated my interest, but it was the enticement of the challenge which made me jump. Since entering high school, I have felt the need to challenge myself and to constantly push my limits. In this respect, skydiving has unlocked another door for me to explore. Although I may not always jump out of airplanes, I will continue to leap at the chance to face a challenge.

Placenta Previa Essays

Placenta Previa Essays Placenta Previa Essay Placenta Previa Essay Abstract The paper discussion is about Placenta Previa a medical condition observed, and that occurs in women during birth. The paper begins b giving an introduction of the term Placenta Previa sampling the data survey together with the degree of the disease. The paper further presents a credible discussion on the pathology discussing some of the causes and risks. Diagnosis is also looked it with the article pointing out some of the significant procedures and care taken to help in prevention and treatment of Placenta Previa. Prognosis and management outline some of the primary managerial procedures to be taken and observed to prevent and help one with Placenta Previa. Finally, the paper gives a conclusion of the recap of all the discussion in the article. Introduction Placenta Previa is a condition in which the placenta implants in the lower portion of the uterus and covers all or part of the internal cervical os. The incidence according to the survey is that 1 out of 200 women giving birth. The major difficulty with classification system is accounting for the potentially changing relationship between the placenta and cervix during the third trimester, especially as labor progresses (Nyberg, 2003). Degrees of Placenta Previa are described concerning the internal os prior or the onset of labor. There are four types or degree of Placenta Previa: Total Placenta Previa is where the internal os is entirely covered by the placenta Marginal Placenta Previa is whereby the edging of the placenta is close to the internal os. Partial Placenta Previa is where the internal os is partly sheltered by the placenta. Low lying Placenta Previa is where lower uterine segment has a placenta implant such that the placental edging has a proximity of the internal os. The incidence of Placenta Previa varies widely with gestational age at diagnosis and the criteria used. The impact at the term of clinically significant Placenta Previa is approximately 0.5% (Nyberg, 2003). Placenta Previa is diagnosed in about 5% of second-trimester pregnancies before genetic amniocentesis. At least 90% of Placenta Previa, therefore, resolves to a standard position by the term. Possible reasons for this improvement are discussed in the following pathology section. Pathology Placenta Previa results from implantation of the blastocyst in the lower uterine segment. Some factors appear to increase the risk of this occurrence, including advancing age, multi-parity, smoking, cocaine use, prior Placenta Previa and parity, previous cesarean delivery and suction curettage related to pregnancy. The firm association between Placenta Previa and parity previous cesarean delivery and curettage suggests that endometrial damage is an etiologic factor. Subsequent pregnancies are more likely to implant in the lower uterine segment by a process of elimination (Mishell, Goodwin Brenner, 2002). Multiple pregnancies are at higher risk because of the reduced surface area of the endometrial available. Improvement in Placenta Previa with gestational age primarily reflects marketed growth of the lower uterine segment during pregnancy which pulls the placenta superiorly. At 20 weeks, the placenta covers approximately one-fourth of the myometrium surface area, but near term the placenta covers one-eighth the myometrial surface. Improvement may also be partly secondary to trophotropism in which the placenta atrophies at suboptimal sites of implantation and hypertrophies at more optimal sites. Diagnosis Placenta Previa is most often diagnosed by routine sonography. In other cases, the initial diagnosis is made at the time of presentation for vaginal bleeding through the second part of pregnancy. In these cases, sonographic confirmation of placental location is recommended before the digital cervical examination. The trans-abdominal ultrasound may confirm the suspicion of Placental Previa (Krishna, Daftary Tank, 1995). When sufficient visualization of the affiliation between the placenta and the internal cervical os is not possible with trans-abdominal ultrasound, the transperineal or transvaginal approach may be beneficial. Careful transvaginal may be beneficial. Careful sonography does not appear to increase the risk of hemorrhage in Placenta Previa. In general, prenatal ultrasound is highly sensitive but not specific for the diagnosis of placenta previa. Therefore, while false negative diagnoses are rare, false positive diagnoses are common depending on the gestational age, the sonographic technique used. This is especially true before the third trimester because of differential growth of the lower segment of the uterus in the second half of pregnancy. Placental Previa is readily diagnosed by the location of the placenta over the cervix. Placenta localization by trans-vaginal examination complements trans-abdominal scans and provides good visualization of the internal os and its relationship to the location of the placenta. Thus, may help to decrease the number of false positive diagnosed with Placenta Previa during early pregnancy (Nyberg, 2003). Prognosis and management Krishna, Daftary and Tank (1995) indicate that patients with a lower lying identify at mid-trimester should be observed with further ultrasound examination until at least 34 weeks, or unequivocal conversion has occurred. Placenta Previa diagnosed by custom second-trimester sonography is managed expectancy. The patient can be a measure that the likelihood of spontaneous resolution is greater than 90%. It is reasonable to recommend avoidance of strenuous activity, but further limitations probably are not necessary early in pregnancy. The placental location should be re-evaluated at 28-30 weeks (Mishell, Goodwin Brenner, 2002). If Placenta Previa persists, the patient should be cautioned that rigorous activity and intercourse might provoke bleeding. Cesarean delivery should be scheduled at a gestational age that will exploit the probability of fetal maturity and diminish the risk of hemorrhage that may effect from the standard commencement of uterine abbreviations. According to Mishell, Goodwin and Brenner (2002) the management of Placenta Previa complicated by acute hemorrhage is directed at optimizing the outcomes of the mother and the fetus. In many cases, bleeding resolves spontaneously and the patient may be managed expectantly. In other cases, severe hemorrhage may require intervention. The management varies dramatically with the severity of the condition. Through ultrasound with color and duplex Doppler should be performed. MRI should be considered. Mild cases of placenta accrete may be treated with hemostatic cultures and removal of the placenta or observation alone. Patients may also be treated with methotrexate (Nyberg, 2003). For more classic, severe cases the usual treatment is hysterectomy at the time of delivery. If the placenta also invades the urinary bladder, however, this may be insufficient to control the hemorrhage. Adequate blood for transfusion must be available at the time of delivery. The goal is to deliver a live, healthy baby and maintain the health of the mother. Conclusion In concluding Placenta Previa is a stipulation whereby the placenta implants in the lower portion of the uterus and covers all or part of the internal cervical. Degrees of Placenta Previa are described concerning the internal os prior or the onset of labor. It results from implantation of the blastocyst in the lower uterine segment. Some factors appear to increase the risk of this occurrence, including advancing age, multi-parity, smoking, cocaine use, prior Placenta Previa and parity, previous cesarean delivery and suction curettage related to pregnancy. Placental Previa is readily diagnosed by the location of the placenta over the cervix. Placenta localization by trans-vaginal examination complements trans-abdominal scans and provides good visualization of the internal os and its relationship to the location of the placenta. the management of Placenta Previa complicated by acute hemorrhage is directed at optimizing the outcomes of the mother and the fetus. References Krishna, U., Daftary, S., Tank, D. K. (1995).Pregnancy at risk: Current concepts. New Delhi, India: Jaypee Bros. Medical Publishers. Mishell, D. R., Goodwin, T. M., Brenner, P. F. (2002).Management of common problems in obstetrics and gynecology. Malden, Mass., USA: Blackwell. Nyberg, D. A. (2003).Diagnostic imaging of fetal anomalies. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams Wilkins.

Interview Tucker Max dishes on the state of publishing

Interview Tucker Max dishes on the state of publishing "How I made Simon Schuster give me my own publishing company:" An Interview with Tucker Max As you probably know if you’re a frequent reader of this blog, there are now many ways to bring a book to market. Whether it’s in print or digital, self-published or through a publisher, with or without an agent, the choices available to a new author is almost mind-boggling. Tucker Max is different. As the author of I Hope They Serve Beer in Hell, he ignored all the options available to writers and made publishers do what they’d never done before - give an author their own publishing company.In these times of great change, it's possible for authors to forge their own path - as Tucker did by picking and choosing the elements of self-publishing and traditional publishing that make the most sense for his book.Watch our interview with Tucker - or read the transcript below - for some inspiration! How publishing worked 15 years agoHi Tucker, it’s great to have you with us today. Let’s start from the beginning - can you tell us from the early days when you started to write and wanted to get your stories out into books?Tucker: Yeah, I started in writing in a totally different era (2001). I used to send emails to my friends, and they thought they were really funny. They kept telling me, †you need to publish this. This needs to be a book." Question 3: Why is that audience going to care? What are you going to say that's interesting and valuable to them?If you cannot answer those three questions clearly, then don't write a book.Now let's say you can answer those three questions. I would say that for almost all non-fiction, the best bet is to self-publish. That way you get to control the rights to the book, and you can use it to promote whatever it is you're trying to promote. As soon as you go traditional, you have now sold the rights and royalties to that book to someone else. So you can't give copies away. If you're trying to do speaking gigs with the book, you've got to buy the book at price from your publisher.If you want to do excerpts, if you want to use the content other places, you don't own the content anymore, the publisher does. And they don't care about your business at all. They care about selling actual copies of the book. So for most non-fiction authors, their goals are not aligned with a publisher’ s goals. So that's why going self-publishing is the better route, for almost all non-fiction authors.Photo credit:  Mac Danzig.If you're a non-fiction author, do you agree with Tucker's take on publishing? What has been your experience of working with a traditional publisher, if any? Let us know your thoughts in the comments below.

Bill Cosby legal allegations and laws that apply to and affect this Term Paper

Bill Cosby legal allegations and laws that apply to and affect this situation - Term Paper Example Several women have accused Bill Cosby of sexually assaulting them by use of drugs. The list has grown to13 plaintiffs with the latest being the two plaintiffs interviewed in Philadelphia and People magazines. The women that have claimed to be sexually assaulted by Cosby have grown to be more than 20 in number. The right to privacy holds that no person should experience not logical interference in his life. This right protects one’s privacy, correspondence, home, reputation, and honor. The law, therefore, should ensure the protection against such attacks or interferences. Bill Cosby has made efforts to see that his right to privacy is protected (Noorani 802). Bill Cosby has used his right of expression to protect his privacy in the cases of sexual assault. He has used this right to react to the accusers’ allegations by showing that they are liars. Bill Cosby’s act has aimed to gain and control the sympathy of the public and judicial process. He has painted the accusers as individuals who have hidden agendas of defaming him. This is by spoiling his reputation and honor that he has worked for long to gain. His act of doing this in the media is a technique that he uses to amplify his voice (Scocca). Bill Cosby has also used his right of self-defense to protect his privacy in the sexual assault accusation cases. For example, his lawyers’ call for dismissal of the defamation cases filed by the three women is an act of privacy protection. The lawyers argue the Cosby branding the women liars does not meet the defamation threshold. Bill’s statements were of self-defense, which is a privilege that should be provided to all the accused. In contrary, it is in Cosby’s rights to make self- defense utterances. According to his lawyers, the defamation claim on the act of self-defense will be a set of double standards. Hobson’s Choice supports the right of publicly denying the

Illegal Pay Discrimination, Bad Pay Policy, or Both Essay

Illegal Pay Discrimination, Bad Pay Policy, or Both - Essay Example However, his salary was $10,000 more than the female associate. Moreover, the other two counselors that were hired had no experience in counseling, and their salary is similar to the female associate. In my opinion, Charles M. Cummings is correct in believing that employees do enjoy having their achievements acknowledged by others, especially their supervisors and peers. Employees gain a sense of accomplishment and belonging when their achievements and successes are acknowledged. They are more successfully driven and motivated when they feel that they are contributing to the company or organization as a whole. Alfie Kohn believes that incentives do not motivate employees to perform their best for the long-term, only short-term. He believes that, when employees feel they will gain incentives for their performance, they will only improve their performance for a short while. Their performance will, eventually, drift back to its same, previous status. On the other hand, there are situations in which Kohn's theory of employees' performance does prove to be true. For example, working in a call center, the job is customer-service, whether the calls are in-bound or out-bound. In this particular situation, the calls are in-bound, meaning that customers call into the call center for help. Answering theAnswering the calls and helping customers with their problems, repeatedly, can become very tiresome. As a result, call centers usually offer their employees incentives for performing their job well, though the boost in the employees' performance will, most of the time, only last long enough to gain the incentive. Call centers also offer their employees incentives to find other people to come and be employees as well, and, more often than not, the performance cycle repeats itself. In conclusion, Charles M. Cummings believes that employees are encouraged when others acknowledge their successes, and this is true. However, there are instances when the theory of Alfie Kohn will be acceptable such as the situation with the call centers. Incentives can motivate employees to be more successful at their job, but the boost in performance will only be short-term. 13.1 - Unionizing FedEx FedEx should be unionized, and there are several reasons for this action. The policies and economic standpoint of FedEx seems to change frequently, these days, as with other companies in the workforce. The information that weighed heaviest on my decision was the fact that, when the employees at the Antigua location of FedEx engaged in a strike, the company terminated all of its employees and closed the office.Employees should have a right to have secure employment at their place of employment. Should FedEx unionized, the employees would, at least, know that their job will not be eliminated. However, if the employees' jobs are eliminated, FedEx would be liable for compensation for their ex-employees, depending on the

Ryanairs Strategic Management Practices

Ryanairs Strategic Management Practices Introduction The aim of this assignment is to explore Ryanairs strategic management practices through the theory of core competencies developed by Prahalad and Hamel (1990). Ryanair operates in the low cost carriers (LCC) industry and experienced success since the launch of its operations. Ryanairs successful strategic management position is reflected in the optimisation of its internal processes offering value to customers whilst eliminating waste. By developing a set of core competencies, Ryanair has been able to develop a strong market position while transporting millions of customers every year. The first part of the essay provides a brief overview of the company and the industry in which it operates. This section outlines the key competing forces and argues for the companys cost leadership approach towards its strategy. The second section outlines the core competence theory developed by Prahalad and Hamel (1990). This section briefly summarises the theory and its assumptions. The third section discusses the application of the strategic theory to Ryanair. This section argues that Ryanairs core competencies concern not only the efficient utilisation of its tangible resources (e.g. aircraft, contract on destinations with airports), but also intangible resources (e.g. market share, reputation, customer loyalty). Brief overview of Ryanair Ryanair gained its reputation as a low cost carrier (LCC) throughout Europe by following the SouthWest business model (Strategic Direction, 2006) (see Appendix 1 for a comparison between the two models). This model included the delivery of a no- frill service whilst offering a point-to-point service and short haul routes to secondary and regional airports. By competing on cost, Ryanair was able to offer cheap tickets to a range of European destinations with the result of changing how customers perceived their travelling experience. Ryanair was able to offer competitive prices by reducing operational costs through the utilisation of its aircrafts. In particular, by avoiding a hub-and-spoke service, creating short haul journeys, scrapping the traditional system of ticket production and seat reservation and in-flight meals, the company was able to increase the number of journeys whilst reducing costs. Moreover, the use of secondary and regional airports offer less handling costs, fewer terminal delays, and greater airport access. According to Datamonitor (2010) as of June, 2009, the company offers over 1,200 scheduled short-haul flights per day serving 145 locations throughout Europe and Morocco, with an operating fleet of 196 aircrafts. The company operates through approximately 845 routes (p.6). The scale of the companys operations indicates its positive reception by consumers seeking to reduce travelling costs whilst increasing the frequency of trips to European destinations. Current trends in the Low Cost Carrier (LCC) Market 3.1 A different approach to airplane transportation Malighetti, et al (2010) argue that the growth behind the LCC market is underpinned by the consumers increasing interest in using airplanes not as a luxurious mode of transportation but as an opportunity for travelling to new destinations at a minimum cost. According to Huttinger (2006) many countries perceived the airlines as a state institution and their reason for existence as a fulfilment of public needs (p.229). The same idea is also expressed by Pitt and Brown (2001) who argue that the development of a differentiated strategy allowed the LCC firms to create a new niche. Dobruszkes (2009) argues that efforts towards deregulating the industry by the EU allowed airline firms to introduce changes in their way of operation. Lack of regulation meant fewer restrictions as to how the airlines needed to design and perform their operations (e.g. ticketing system, destinations, etc) (Dobruszkes, 2009) According to Strategic Direction (2007a, 2007b, 2007c) the emerging opportunities developing from deregulation were followed by the SouthWest business model in the USA. This model was not only copied but also extended by companies like Ryanair and Easy Jet in Europe (Barrett, 2004). As Figure 1 illustrates, a steady increase in the number of passengers carried between LCC firms can be noted. For example, whereas Virgin Atlantic achieved 28.9% growth, in contrast, Ryanair achieved 171.9% for the number of passengers carried. The difference in volume is evidence of the consumers growth and changing travel needs. Figure 1 Scheduled passengers carried, 2002-06 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 % change m m m m m 2002-06 easyJet 11.4 20.3 24.3 29.6 33.7 +195.6 Ryanair 14.9 21.3 26.6 33.7 40.5 +171.8 Flybe 2.6 3.2 5.5 +111.5 bmibaby 0.7 2.8 3.3 3.6 4.1 +583.3 Monarch na na 2 2.6 3.2 na Virgin Atlantic 3.8 3.8 4.3 4.5 4.9 +28.9 BMI 7.5 9.4 10.5 10.5 10.5 +40 BA (est) 40 38 36.1 35.7 35.6 -11 Source: Company data/CAA UK airline statistics/Mintel A key trend in the LCC market has not only been the consumers attention on cost but also opportunity for travelling to new destinations within Europe (Malighetti, et. al. 2010). As Pitfield (2008) argues, following the recent economic credit crunch the new business model favoured the LCC. Cost became a differentiating factor in the way consumers made their purchasing choices on travel (Pitfield, 2008). Moreover, from Figure 2 it can be noted that the competition between the LCC remains fierce. Ryanair and Easy Jet are the largest competitors in Europe sharing the greatest volume of passengers travelling. According to Gillen and Lall (2004) such growth is attributed to a) the number of destinations already served by the airliners, b) the reputation on cost and c) the development of a strategy that allows them to utilise resources whilst minimising waste. Efficiency remains a key attribute to the development of competitive advantage in this market. This is because excessive costs contr ibute to the firms cost structure. This means that for a LCC firm to remain competitive such company needs to sustain its levels of efficiency whilst improving the value chain with which the service is delivered. Figure 2: Passengers carried in 2006 Source: Mintel/Company data (2007) 3.2 Ryanairs cost leadership strategy According to Porter (1980, 1985) there are three types of strategies companies can adopt in an industry. These are a) cost leadership, b) differentiation strategy, and c) focus strategy. A cost leadership remains effective depending on the volume of customers served. Such strategy focuses on achieving economies of scale by maximising its profit margins through the maximised over volume of sales. In contrast, a differentiation strategy is based on the specific attributes of a service and/or product that competitors are not able to offer (Porter, 1987). The distinctive features that are unique to such service/product differentiate the companys competitive power (Porter, 1996). A focus strategy concerns a firms concentration on a particular segment in the market (e.g. consumers, product, health-related products) with the result of creating new barriers of entry for other competitors to enter (Porter, 1987). Such barriers are created because of the tacit knowledge (e.g. methods of produc tion) that is needed in order to develop the product and/or service. Ryanair is adopting a cost leadership approach to strategy. As Figure 4 shows, when comparing the companys prices against competitors and for the same destinations the cost difference remains considerable. Mintel (2007) notes that the company aims to turn flights around within 25 minutes and routes are consistently the shortest of all the Low Cost Carriers (LCCs). Wood (2004) and Boru (2006) argue that even though this cost leadership strategy has proven effective, nevertheless, it has been difficult for Ryanair to maintain it without influencing the quality of service offered to customers. In particular, Boru (2006) argues that Ryanairs hard approach on cost has resulted in a hostile behaviour towards customers. Ryanairs couldnt-care-less approach to customer care also applies to refunds and baggage. Not only are refunds never paid out, even if a passengers travel plans are disrupted by the death of a grandparent, but the bereaved customer is told to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ for having the temerity to ask (Boru, 2006, p.50). Datamonitor also reports various lawsuits, claims, and legal proceedings, arising in the ordinary course of its business. Some of these legal proceedings and claims seek damages, fines, or penalties in substantial amounts or remediation of environmental contamination (p.7). The implication of this argument is that even though cons umers continue to fly with Ryanair, they nevertheless remain weary of its behaviour to their changing travelling needs. Figure 4: Comparative fare levels (same booking date and approximate departure times Source: OHiggins in Johnson G, Scholes, K, Whittington, R. (2008, p.839) Mintel (2007) argues that in order for Ryanair to increase its revenues, it tends to engage in making incremental increases on costs that remain hidden to consumers. For example, consumers are being charged to pay for advance boarding to seat reservations, sports equipment to extra baggage and others. OHiggins (2008) mentions for example that a disabled man won a landmark case against Ryanair after it charged him  £18 for a wheelchair he needed at Stansted Airport to get from the check-in desk to the aircraft. The passenger was awarded  £1,336 in compensation from Ryanair, as the UK based Disability Commission said it may launch a class action against the airline on behalf of 35 other passengers (p.834). Such hidden costs generated a negative image for the companys low cost reputation. Donne (2004) and Groom (2004) argue that customers dislike extra charges and seek to withdraw their loyalty for carriers that are not committed to their quality of service on the grounds of reducing costs. Figure 5: Customer complaints Source: in Johnson G, Scholes, K, Whittington, R. (2008, p.842) The implication of this argument is that Ryanairs successful strategy remains contingent to the changing trends in the environment. As Figure 3 illustrates, the process of strategy formulation and evolution goes through a cycle where application needs to conform to the changing conditions of the environment. This means that Ryanair needs to develop a different approach to its cost leadership strategy by introducing modifications to its model. This can be done by placing greater importance on the customers perceptions of satisfaction rather than just promoting the selling of low cost tickets. Figure 3 Aspects of Strategy formulation and evolution Source: Chaharbaghi and Willis (1998:1022) Core Competencies Theory According to Johnson et al (2008) Chaharbaghi and Willis (1998) the study of strategic management is concerned with understanding how an organisation can realise its corporate goals through the manipulation of its tangible and intangible resources. According to Ansof (1984) strategic management can be defined as a systematic approach to a major and increasingly important responsibility of general management: to position and relate the firm to its environment in a way which will assure its continued success and make it secure from surprises. (p. xv) According to Raduan, et al. (2009) strategic management can be seen as a combination of strategy formulation, implementation and evaluation (p.406) According to Mintzberg et al (1998) there are two principle schools of thought that influenced the discourse on strategic management over time. These are characterised as the a) design school and the b) emergent school. The design school argues for the importance of careful planning. Lidtka (2000) for example argues that the orchestration of processes can lead to the achievement over the intended strategic corporate outcomes. The emergent school was influenced by the work of Mintzberg (1979, 1983) and argues for the managements inability to manage uncertainty in the course of realising its corporate goals. Mintzberg (1983) argues that the role of strategic management is to adjust a firms intentions according to the shifting conditions of the environment. Such conditions cannot be known a priori but only realised at the time of their development (Mintzberg, et al (1998). Cunah and Cunah (2006) also support this idea by arguing that firms developed their strategic positions by an emerg ent process resulting from managers and employees improvisations in response to the realities of the market (p.839). In the discourse between the two schools, Prahalad and Hamel (1990) developed the theory of core competencies. This theory argues for a firms ability to develop specific competencies which are intertwined with the employees tacit knowledge and expertise. Core competencies remain context-specific and are not easily transferable because of the specificity of the employees knowledge and skills that help maintain it. According to Grà ¶ÃƒÅ¸ler (2007) core competencies represent a firms capabilities created by the complex interaction of its resources combined with implicit or explicit knowledge about the effective combination of these resources (p.252). According to Prahalad and Hamel (1994) the implication of this argument is that the innovative capability of a firm remains closely located in its awareness of the employees skills and their continuing development. Hence, the process of fostering core competencies comprises the development of qualities which concern the advancement of products/services which are intertwined with a set of skills which are people-specific (Hamel, 1996). As Figure 4 illustrates, performance remains an outcome of the interaction between capabilities and resources. Such a process is dynamic and not static, which means that the firm is in a continuing process of identifying and strengthening its core competencies over time (Goold, 1996). Figure 4 Relationship between resources, capabilities and performance Performance Capabilities Resources Source: Adapted from Grà ¶ÃƒÅ¸ler (2007, p.253) Having outlined the theory of core competencies the following section will discuss its application on Ryanair. Assessing Ryanairs strategy through its core competencies 5.1 Waste minimisation and improvement making According to Lawton (1999) and Done (2004) Ryanairs core competencies are identified in its ability to discover and remove operations that do not add value to customers. Prices can be reduced when unnecessary processes are eradicated and/or improved. Pietfeld (2008) argues how the increase in efficiency is an activity that needs to move beyond the process of careful planning. Gillen and Lall (2004) argue that Ryanair has instilled an improvement-making strategy that resides in its corporate culture. This means, that employees can take real-time initiatives which are then evaluated and implemented by the management on the organisation as a whole (Leavy, 2003). Lawton (1999) argues that the management of the organisation remains unable to detect deficiencies as employees are the ones who have immediate contact with customers. Hence, the process of introducing quality improvements requires the necessary organisational structure to allow initiative-taking by employees whilst these are also supported by the management layer. According to OSullivan and Gunningle (2009) the literature on initiative-taking by employees remains subject to criticism. This is because employees can indicate areas of improvement but such suggestions may not be readily applicable. However, a core competency developed by Ryanair is the development of an organisational structure where the corporate culture allows them to take initiatives which are then institutionalised. The management is responsible for the development of the necessary regulations, policies and procedures that can accommodate initiatives (Barrett, 2004). The implication of this activity is that the firm is able to swiftly respond to the customers changing needs with little delay. This core competency remains difficult to copy by competitors because it resides within their existing work ethic and cultural values of employees that has matured over time. A criticism that is expressed against Ryanair, and in contrast to its effort to increase levels of efficiency, concerns the absence of unions that may exercise resistance to the managements growing demands. By increasing the array of responsibilities, employees are required to achieve performance targets, OSullivan and Gunningale (2009) argue that Ryanair has created excessive demands on employees that are not accounted for in their salary. 5.2 Utilisation of Resources A second core competence concerns Ryanairs ability to maximise the volume of customers travelling whilst increasing the number of routes offered. Barrett (2004) argues that the shorter turnaround times permit more journeys per day per plane which, coupled with the higher seat density of Ryanair planes, generate lower seat mile costs (p.92). Delays result to high maintenance costs in servicing aircrafts (Barrett, 2004). Such costs, in turn, can result in reducing the number of destinations offered in the first place. Gillen and Lall (2004) argue that a faster turn improves utilization of all factors of production such as aircraft, gates, ground equipment and labour (p.44). Ryanairs core competency concerns its capacity to maximise the utilisation of its aircrafts whilst also maximising the number of routes offered. However, such utilisation requires the management of the employees contribution for knowing how resources need to be managed. The exercise of knowledge and training remain task-specific. Employees understand how their contribution, at one segment in the business, can have a wider contribution on the companys performance as a whole. Ryanair demonstrates synergy in managing array of operations that include a) the management of its network routes, b) the punctuality with which aircrafts turnaround, and c) the employees capability to manage an increase in volume of passengers. Such understanding is embedded onto the employees. As Prahalad and Hamel (1990) argue, a competency remains difficult to replicate by competitors because it is context-specific, and subject to the tacit knowledge and skills produced in the first place. Ryanairs ability to utilise its resources whilst maintaining a cost leadership strategy results from the combination between the employees knowledge and the utilisation of its resources. Figure 5 illustrates the companys efforts to increase levels of efficiency between 2002 and 2003. A complementary dimension to the utilisation of resources is the creation of new destinations. Datamonitor (2010) argues that in January 2010, the company introduced 25 new routes to/from Alicante, Barcelona Reus, Barcelona Girona, Bratislava, Bristol, Cork, East Midlands, London Stansted, Milan Bergamo, and Pescara. In the following month, the company announced opening three new routes from Edinburgh to Faro, Marrakech, and Paris. It also launched six new routes to the Greek holiday destinations of Kos, Rhodes and Volos (p.6). The creation of new routes is subject to the companys core competencies for sustaining its cost-leadership strategy whilst expanding the destinations offered. This means that by attracting a larger volume of passengers travelling, Ryanair achieves economies of scales that help maximise its profit margins. By achieving a high seat-filling-capacity Ryanair can sustain its standard maintenance costs whilst improving on revenues. Moreover, such strategy can create barriers of entry to competitors (Dobruszkes, 2009). By gaining entry to the new network routes, other airline companies (e.g. Easy Jet, Air Lingus, etc) have greater difficulty in competing for the same destinations. Figure 5: Ryanair operating statistics between 2002 and 2003 Source: OHiggins in Johnson, et al. (2008, p.846). Conclusion The aim of this essay has been to explore Ryannairs strategic management practices. By making use of the theory of core competencies as developed by Prahalad and Hamel (1990) this essay argued for the companys cost-leadership strategy that is sustained through its efforts to minimise waste and improve efficiency. Even though Ryanairs business model has proved successful, at the same time, there is growing criticism regarding the evidence indicating the company undermining the quality of its customer service. Even though consumers continue to use Ryanair for its efficient service and low cost prices the company is struggling to avoid the mounting criticism concerning the introduction of hidden costs and lack of adequate customer service (Wood, 2004, Boru, 2006). This essay argued that the companys core competencies concentrate on improving levels of efficiency at the operational level. There are two areas in which this occurs. The first is by developing an organisational culture where employees are encouraged to take initiatives in order to reduce operations that do not add value to customers (OHiggins, 2009). The second area concerns Ryanairs ability to maximise the utilisation of resources whilst expanding on the number of destinations offered (Dobruszkes, 2009). According to Prahalad and Hamel (1990) it can be argued that Ryanairs business model remains difficult to copy by competitors because the synergies created are subject to the employees knowledge and experience. Such knowledge remains contextual and task specific.Such core competence is difficult to transfer by merely migrating the methods and tools used. However, this essay also argued that perceptions of value need to be reconsidered by Ryanair. This is because value is not only subject to the low cost prices offered but also to the quality of customer service which includes the companys attitude towards responding to complaints and avoiding the misrepresentation of information as well as hidden cost s. References Ansoff, H.I. (1984) Implanting Strategic Management. Englewood Cliffs NJ: Prentice Hall. Barrett, D. S. (2004) The sustainability of the Ryanair model, International Journal of Transport Management Vol.2, pp. 89-98 Boru, B. 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(1996) Learning, Planning, and Strategy: Extra Time, California Management Review, Vol. 38, Issue. 4. pp.100-102. Groom, B. (2004) Leaders of the new Europe: Business stars chart a course for the profits of the future, Financial Times, 20 April 2004 Grà ¶ÃƒÅ¸ler, A. (2007) A dynamic view on strategic resources and capabilities applied to an example from the manufacturing strategy literature, Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, Vol. 18 No. 3, pp. 250-266 Hamel G. (1996) Strategy as Revolution. Harvard Business Review, Vol.74 Issue 4, pp. 69-82 Huettinger, M. (2006) Air Baltic and SAS a case study in the European airline industry, Baltic Journal of Management, Vol.1, No.2, pp.227-244 Johnson G, Scholes, K, Whittington, R. (2008) Exploring Corporate Strategy. London: Prentice Hall Lawton, C. T. 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Strategic Direction Vol.22, No.6, pp.18-21 Strategic Direction (2007a) Industrious times at British Airways and Ryanair. Winning the battle for the skies, Strategic Direction, Vol.20, No.4, pp.4-6 Strategic Direction (2007b) Employees come first at high-flying Soughtwest Airlines. Model contrasts with Ryanair approach to low-cost aviation. Human Resource Management International Digest, Vol.15, No.4, pp.5-7 Strategic Direction (2007c) Flight or flight. Ryanair, Southwest Airlines and post-merger US Airways and America West, Strategic Direction, Vol.23, No.1, npp.12-15 Wood, E. G. (2004) Who pays for wheelchairs?, Institute of Economic Affairs, pp. 60-61 Appendixes

Marketing Analysis of Vinegar in Hengshun Company

The No. 3 of Arts building Zhejiang University City College 51 Huzhou Road 1 December 2011 Professor Min He Teacher of Consumer Behavior 51 Huzhou Road Dear Professor He Attached is the report you requested on 1 December analyzing the marketing situation of XIANGFEI vinegar in HENGSHUN Company. The report mainly includes market analysis, market strategy, SWOT analysis and recommendations of XIANGFEI Vinegar in HENGSHUN Company. Recommendations are made that, if implemented as soon as possible, should make it better. Preparing the report has been challenging and most worthwhile.I will be available if you have any queries or wish to discuss any part of the report in more detail. Yours sincerely Student in CB Class A REPORT OF THE MARKETING ANALYSIS OF VINEGAR IN HENGSHUN COMPANY AS AT DECEMBER 2011 Prepared for: Professor Min He Teacher of CB Zhejiang University City College Prepared by: Student in CB Class Date of submission: 12 December 2011 TABLE OF CONTENTS Item Summary iv 1. INTRO DUCTION 1. 1 Authorization†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 1 1. 2 Aim of Report†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 1 1. Scope†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 1 2. 0 BACKGROUND 2. 1 Company Background†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 2 2. 2 Consumer Background†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢ € ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 3 2. 3 Competitor Background†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 2. 4 Condition Background†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 4 3. 0 ANALYSIS 3. 1 SWOT Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 6 3. 2 4Ps Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 7 4. 0 PLAN AND RECOMMENDATIONS 4. 1 Marketing Plan†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚ ¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 9 4. Recommendations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 10 5. 0 CONCLUSIONS†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 11 List of References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦12 Summary This report was commissioned by Professor Min He to analyze the marketing situation of XIANGFEI vinegar in HENGSHUN Company. The report focuses on these aspects: market analysis, market strategy, SWOT analysis. By analyzing these, a market plan should be made. As financial crisis is going on, the companies in all aspects suffered a decrease in their busin ess. After analyzing the background of HENGSHUN, it is clearly to know the conditions of company.HENGSHUN Company registered capital is 127. 15 million Yuan. Stock price is $7. 1 per share. New total share capital is 127. 15 million shares. Annual sales are more than 1. 1 billion. By August 2011, the company's total assets are 3. 28 billion. What’s more, HENGSHUN become the first listed company in 2001, and this company developed much faster than before. From the selected information, its product sales grew over 20% between July and August in 2011, and the estimated growth rate of this year will more than 25%. In 2009, the operating income of HENGSHUN Company is 1. 74 billion Yuan, and the growth is over 68. 09%; the company earned 40,440,000 in the same period, and doubled compared to prior to listing performance. The company is committed to extending modern new spices and vinegar products research. At the same time, relying on the century brand, the company has implemented Trans – regional development at Chongqing, Shanxi, Anhui, Jiangsu and other places, where established the condiment production base. At present, HENGSHUN Vinegar has been developed from a traditional sauce vinegar manufacturer into the largest and most modern vinegar production enterprises.The company mainly produces vinegar, soy sauce, pickles, rice wine and other traditional and modern brewing condiment, deferred compound condiments, vinegar manufacture and sale of health products . And the company's new product development in line is based on the dominant market, orienting to consumer demand and the purpose is to improve the level of consumer health. The company also did the market segmentation and established development direction . It adheres to the † customer first â€Å"and implementing tracking services to speed up the popularization and application.What’s more, by the use of 4Ps analysis, it is easy to explain the present circumstance of HENGSHUN Compan y. So did the SWOT analysis. Then, making an advertisement video is for the aim to propagate the brand awareness of HENGSHUN Company. Recommendations have been made that, if implemented, should give HENGSHUN Company a better market plan and strategies. These include: build its own famous brand with the authority of government; using the statues of stars and experts, ask them to endorse the products of HENGSHUN Company; setting a goal as green brand. . 0 INTRODUCTION 1. 1 Authorisation Professor Min He, teacher of class CB, requested this report on 1 December 2011 1. 2 Aim of Report The purpose of this report is to provide an report of the marketing analysis of XIANGFEI Vinegar in HENGSHUN Company. It aims to suggest recommendations to promote the XIANGFEI Vinegar in a better way. 1. 3 Scope The report will introduce the background of HENGSHUN Company and the XIANGFEI Vinegar. And the next is analyzing the competitors to HENGSHUN Company, such as DONGHU vinegar Company and SHUITA Com pany.Also the following is to describe the market segment. Next, the positioning strategy and promotional mix and how they will be applied in the marketing will be mentioned. Finally, the advertisement plan and some recommendations for this vinegar will be demonstrated. 2. 0 BACKGROUND 2. 1 Company Background First comes the financial condition:The registered capital of HENGSHUN Company is 127. 15 million Yuan. Its stock price is $7. 1 per share. Annual sales are more than 1. 1 billion. By August 2011, the company's total assets are 3. 28 billion.Then following are the general managerial skills. The company is committed to extending modern new spices and vinegar products research. At the same time, relying on the century brand, the company has implemented Trans – regional development at Chongqing, Shanxi, Anhui, Jiangsu and other places, where established the condiment production base. Based on the inheritance of ancient brewing techniques, the company boldly introduced moder n high- tech and advanced management experience and invested in the new city of Dantu in â€Å"HENGSHUN industrial park â€Å".Following is the production capabilities. At present, HENGSHUN Vinegar has been developed from a traditional sauce vinegar manufacturer into the largest and most modern vinegar production enterprises. The company mainly product vinegar, soy sauce, pickles, rice wine and other traditional and modern brewing condiment ,deferred compound condiments, vinegar manufacture and sale of health products . Its investment involves biological health, real estate, packaging industry and commerce retail. At last follows something about its reputation.Jiangsu HENGSHUN Vinegar Industry Company was founded in 1840, the DAOGUANG of the Qing Dynasty as â€Å"old China† business. HENGSHUN product has won international gold medal for 5 times, also 3 times for national quality award, the national geographical indication products and the brand – name product in Chin a. 2. 2 Consumer Background According to our investigation, its current consumer is mainly housewives, and the potential consumers maybe are the husbands and the aged. As a condiment, housewives are the main consumers who usually do the cooking in the family.Since it is a kind of fruit vinegar, it has a lot of functions to prevent diseases and keep healthy. It can restrain and reduce the formation of the aging oxide in human body, so as to achieve anti-aging and make skin smooth. Another function: Promote the body's metabolism, remove fatigue, relieving alcoholism, lose weight clear bowel. Another function: Softening vessels, reducing blood fat and cholesterol. This is suitable for the aged. A specific questionnaire has been designed to understand the needs of the customers. Then depending on the research, it is lear to decide marketing contents. 2. 3 Competitor Background According to lan Gordon (2002): ‘a company should look two ways—at the individual customers it has chosen and the specific competitors it intends to beat. As to HENGSHUN, Vinegar business in Shanxi province is the biggest competitor. The old vinegar in Shanxi already has a more than 1000 years history. And among the four famous vinegar companies, it still is in the top. As the news reported, Shanxi old vinegar has occupied 10% of the marketing. DONGHU Vinegar Company is a major sale company of the Shanxi old vinegar group co. td. Because of the high brand awareness, DONGHU has become the main and strong competitor of HENGSHUN. But also because of being as the place of origin, DONGHU was treated as a going-down company, so it give more chances for HENGSHUN to reaching its goal. According to the news on the economics of Shanxi Daily, due to the depressiveness in the vinegar marketing, the shares of sale will not increase rapidly, but with the promotion of consumption, HENGSHUN has a high possibility to raise their sale occupation relying on its high brand awareness. (Shanxi vinega r: fighting for honor. http://www. aynews. com. cn/sxjjrb/122745. html) 4. Condition Background Firstly, the economic condition will be analyzed. In recent years, Chinese economic strength becomes stronger and people's living level improves, so people began to pursue the high-quality life. Of course, the average price of HENGSHUN’s vinegar is higher than competitors’, but the taste and quality is better than others. Because Chinese persons’ financial burden released, people prefer to use better vinegar which is more health and tasty. HENGSHUN became the first listed company in 2001, and this company developed very fast.Product sales grew over 20% between July and August in 2011, and the estimated growth rate of this year will more than 25%. HENGSHUN Company invested in real estate development, which brought their profit and challenge. Then is the political condition Zhenjiang HENGSHUN’s vinegar brewing techniques has been protected and appreciated by Chin ese government. According to China’s State Council announced in 2006, Zhenjiang HENGSHUN’s vinegar brewing techniques has been included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage, which s the food industry in Jiangsu Province, and it is also the only selected traditional craftsmanship. As for the culture condition, HENGSHUN’s vinegar is a famous and outstanding brand of Zhenjiang vinegar. HENGSHUN Company carries forward Chinese traditional food culture and revives national industry. In the same time, HENGSHUN absorbs the advanced science and technology to promote industrial updating. 3. 0 ANALYSIS 3. 1 SWOT Analysis ‘SWOT analysis is a strategic planning method used to evaluate the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats involved in a project or in business venture.In involves specifying the objective of the business venture or project and identifying the internal and external factors that are favorable and unfavorable to achieve that objective. ‘ ( Xing 2009,p. 50) 1. Strength: HENGSHUN Company is a listed company. It has a higher awareness of its brand, and because of its stocks, more and more people will pay attention to its trend of development. 2. Weakness: Because of its creation date, it is much later than the vinegar business in Shanxi Province. So many the aged prefer the long-history brand, such as DONGHU Company, SHUITA Company.And the price is higher than others, so some working class people would not choose this kind of vinegar. 3. Opportunity: As the development of IT and media, HENGSHUN will be known by more and more people. And, due to its use of high-technology, high and new quality of vinegar will be produced, like fruit vinegar, seafood vinegar. As Roininen, K (2001) points out, attitude scale that purely concentrate on its taste, and health in the food choices, 4. Threats: DONGHU Company has reproduced a new kind of vinegar.And lots of new vinegar company has founded recently. HENG SHUN will face more powerful company in the near future. And also because the instability of the stock markets, HENGSHUN’ stocks are in a embarrassed circumstance. 3. 2 4Ps Analysis As Kotler, P (2009, p. 48) points out, the marketing mix consists of everything the firms can do to influence the demand for its product. The many possibilities can be collected into four groups of variable known as the ‘ 4 Ps': product, price, place and promotion. And the 4Ps analysis is often used in the firm promotion period.As Glowa, T (2001) points out, understanding how consumers make complex choices is a critical component of market strategy. 1. Product: XIANGFEI vinegar is something like apple vinegar. Both of them are all used for the health or beauty reasons. As Garber, L & Starr, RG (2003, pp3-15) points out, the most important apple vinegar attributes for consumers are its taste and odour. So XIANGFEI vinegar in HENGSHUN Company just focuses on these two aspects. HENGSHUN Company is committed to extending modern new spices and vinegar products research.Based on the inheritance of ancient brewing techniques, the company boldly introduced modern high – tech and advanced management experience. The company mainly product vinegar, soy sauce, pickles, rice wine and other traditional and modern brewing condiment ,deferred compound condiments, vinegar manufacture and sale of health products. Its investment involves biological health, real estate, packaging industry and commerce retail. 2. Price: As far as we know, the vinegar prices of HENGSHUN Company are commonly acceptable. But in contrast to the other small brands, its price is a little higher.Especially, the XIANGFEI vinegar is much more expensive than others, due to its function in health protection and beauty. 3. Place: HENGSHUN Company was founded in Jiangsu Province, so its loyal consumers concentrate on the southern areas. Another reason is the northern people much more delighted with the old vineg ar in Shanxi Province. According to Don Hutson (2008): ‘As a salesperson, understand that the concept of place is complex. ’ So as for the sale area, it is an obvious significant problem waiting HENGSHUN to solve it. 4.Promotion: In terms of promotion, using a brief video is to do the advertisement for HENGSHUN Company. This video was separated into three parts. First is focusing on the function of health care. It can restrain and reduce the formation of the aging oxide in human body, so as to achieve anti-aging and make skin smooth. Second is to stress another function: Promote the body's metabolism, remove fatigue, relieving alcoholism, lose weight clear bowel. Lastly, the function of softening vessels, reducing blood fat and cholesterol have been mentioned. 4. 0 PLAN AND RECOMMENDATIONS 4. Marketing Plan Firstly, HENGSHUN Company should pay more attention on the product strategies. Develop the new technologies, as to the aspects of treatment, beauty, health, in order to change the vinegar image which is in consumers’ minds. As to the HENGSHUN’ image, it is also waiting to be changed. Second is the value pricing method, at the low level market with a low price but high quality products and services which is under the condition of reducing costs without sacrificing the quality. HENGSHUN should control its price at a acceptable range, so as to keep the loyal consumers.And this also can improve its brand loyalty. Thirdly, the company can do the promotion by carrying out all kinds of lectures to make consumers know the functions much better. And next is the sales strategies, nowadays, HENGSHUN must make full use of supermarkets. It must be sure that the products of HENGSHUN should be put at the conspicuous place. So it can attract more people and propagate its brand. 4. 2 Recommendations 1. Build its own famous brand with the authority of government. In the powerful government-decided society, the honor delivered by the government will give the sense of reliable.Relying on this, HENGSHUN Company can achieve much more than present. 2. Using the statues of stars and experts, ask them to endorse the products of HENGSHUN Company. It usually can work in a short time. 3. Setting a goal as green brand. Focus on the function of health and environment protection. Produce the new kind of vinegar so as to follow the trend of the modern society. 5. 0 CONCLUSIONS After analyzing all these aspects, the background of HENGSHUN Company has been know, included the financial condition, general managerial skills, production capabilities, reputation, and marketing skills. Similar essay: Reed Supermarkets: a New Wave of CompetitorsThen by using the 4Ps, its marketing circumstance in this environment has been investigated. Also relying on the SWOT analysis, it is helpful to discover the strengths, weaknesses, opportunity, and the threats which HENGSHUN Company will be faced in the near future. And at last, relying on a video, it is a useful skill to attract consumers. What’s more, some market plans and recommendations have been given to HENGSHUN Company for their better development. List of References Hawkins, Mothersbaugh, and Best , 2009, Consumer Behavior: Building Marketing strategy, 10th edition, china machine press, pp. 57 Philip Kotler & Gary Armstrong , 2009, Principles of Marketing, 11th edition, Qinghua press, pp. 48 YQ Xing, 2009, Management ,2nd edition, High Education press, pp 48 Shanxi vinegar fighting for honor. ,viewed in 1 December, 2011, http://www. daynews. com. cn/sxjjrb/122745. html Hutson,D 2008 Sell value, not price, Acant hus Publishing, Boston Garber, Lawrence & Starr, RG (2003), Measuring consumer response to food products, Food Quality and Preference, vol. 14, pp3-15 Lan, G 2002, Competitor targeting, J.Wiley& Sons, Etobicoke Glowa, T (2001), Understanding how consumers make complex choices, http://www. glowa. ca/Understanding_consumer_behaviour. pdf Finance and economics, viewed in 3 December, 2011, http://finance. sina. com. cn/realstock/company/sh600305/nc. shtml Roininen, K (2001), Evaluation of food choice behavior: development and validation of health and taste attitude scales, Academic Dissertation, University of Helsinki, Department of Food Technology, http://ethesis. helsinki. fi/julkaisut/maa/elint/vk/roininen/evaluati. pdf